Understanding UCL injury of the thumb 

The UCL of the thumb is a crucial ligament that provides stability to the joint at the middle of the thumb, known as the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint. This ligament helps to maintain the alignment of the thumb and enables pinch and grasp activities. An injury to the UCL can affect the thumb's functionality and cause pain. 

Causes of UCL injury 

UCL injuries of the thumb often result from the following causes: 

Trauma: A sudden force or impact on the thumb, such as a fall or a direct blow, can stretch or tear the UCL. 

Sports activities: Athletes, particularly those in sports that involve gripping and twisting motions, like skiing or basketball, are at a higher risk of UCL injuries. 

Repetitive use: Overtime the ligament becomes weaker through excessive or repetitive load.

Symptoms of UCL injury 

Common symptoms of a UCL injury of the thumb include: 

Pain: Pain at the middle of the thumb, especially when pinching or grasping objects. 

Swelling: Swelling around the MCP joint of the thumb. 

Weakness: Reduced strength in the thumb, making it challenging to grip or pinch objects. 

Bruising: Discoloration or bruising at the site of the injury. 

Instability: A feeling of looseness or instability in the thumb joint. 

Treatment for UCL injury 

The treatment approach for a UCL injury depends on its severity. Common treatment options include: 

Consult with an expert: An Accredited Hand Therapist is a physiotherapist or occupational therapist with expertise in the finger, hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder.

Immobilisation: Immobilising the thumb with an orthosis, brace or cast to allow the ligament to heal. 

Rest: Avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms and strain the thumb. 

Ice: Apply ice to the affected area to reduce swelling and pain. 

Pain medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications to manage pain and inflammation. 

Rehabilitation exercises: Engaging in exercises and range-of-motion activities to improve thumb strength and flexibility. 

Corticosteroid injections: Injections of corticosteroids may be recommended to reduce inflammation. 

Surgery: In severe cases or when conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical repair of the UCL may be necessary. 

Recovery and rehabilitation 

Recovery from a UCL injury of the thumb can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the chosen treatment approach. Here are some essential points to consider during the recovery process: 

Follow advice: Adhere to the treatment plan recommended by your Accredited Hand Therapist. 

Rehabilitation exercises: Complete exercises as prescribed by an Accredited Hand Therapist to improve thumb mobility and strength. 

Gradual return to activity: When the thumb has healed sufficiently, gradually reintroduce activities and sports with proper technique and ergonomic modifications to prevent recurrence. 

Ergonomic changes: Make ergonomic adjustments in your daily activities to reduce strain on the affected thumb. 

Patience: Recovery from a UCL injury can take time. Be patient and allow the affected ligament to heal properly. 

Find a local Accredited Hand Therapist

Patients can find a local Accredited Hand Therapist on our website using the link below.

Find an Accredited Hand Therapist