Understanding finger joint arthritis 

Arthritis is a group of conditions that cause inflammation and pain in the joints. When it affects the joints in the fingers, it's called finger joint arthritis. The most common types of arthritis that affect the finger joints are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. 

Causes of finger joint arthritis 

It is commonly believed that arthritis is a natural part of ageing, however, many people of any age experience arthritis. Many factors may increase the likelihood of developing arthritis, including: 

Family history and genetics 

Lifestyle factors, including diet and smoking 

Occupations, specifically those that are repetitive or place excessive strain on joints 

Gender (more common in women).

Osteoarthritis: This is the most common form of arthritis and often occurs due to deterioration on the joints over time. As the cartilage that cushions the joints wears down, bones may rub against each other, causing pain and stiffness. 

Rheumatoid arthritis: This is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium (the lining surrounding the joints). This can lead to inflammation, pain, and joint damage in the fingers and other joints. 

Other forms: There are several other less common forms of arthritis, such as psoriatic arthritis or gout, which can also affect finger joints. 

Symptoms of finger joint arthritis 

The symptoms of finger joint arthritis can vary, but common signs include: 

Pain: Persistent pain in the finger joints, which may worsen with movement. 

Stiffness: Stiffness in the fingers, making it challenging to bend or straighten them. 

Swelling: Swelling and redness around the affected joints. 

Decreased range of motion: Difficulty moving the fingers as freely as before. 

Joint deformities: In severe cases, finger joints may become misshapen or develop nodules. 

Treatment for finger joint arthritis 

While there is no cure for arthritis, various treatment options can help manage the symptoms and improve hand function. 

Consult with an expert: An Accredited Hand Therapist is a physiotherapist or occupational therapist with expertise in the finger, hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder.

Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medications can help reduce pain and inflammation. 

Rehabilitation exercises: An Accredited Hand Therapist will prescribe you exercises to maintain or improve hand mobility and strength. 

Splints: Wearing an orthosis (commonly known as splints) or braces on affected fingers can provide support and alleviate pain. 

Heat and cold therapy: Applying heat or cold packs to the affected fingers can reduce inflammation and ease discomfort. 

Injections: Corticosteroid injections may be recommended for more severe pain and inflammation. 

Surgery: In advanced cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical options like joint fusion or joint replacement may be considered. 

Coping strategies for living with finger joint arthritis 

Living with finger joint arthritis can present challenges, but there are strategies to help you manage the condition and maintain your quality of life: 

Pain management: Work closely with your Accredited Hand Therapist to develop a pain management plan tailored to your needs. 

Joint protection: Learn techniques to protect your finger joints during daily activities to minimise strain and reduce pain. 

Adaptive tools: Use adaptive tools and aids designed to make tasks easier, such as jar openers, ergonomic utensils, or button hooks. 

Rehabilitation exercise: Engage in exercises recommended by your hand therapy practitioner to improve joint flexibility and strength. 

Diet and lifestyle: Maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle, as obesity can exacerbate arthritis symptoms. Avoid smoking, which can worsen inflammation. 

Emotional support: Seek emotional support from friends, family, or support groups to help you cope with the emotional aspects of living with arthritis. 

Find a local Accredited Hand Therapist

Patients can find a local Accredited Hand Therapist on our website using the link below.

Find an Accredited Hand Therapist