Understanding cubital tunnel syndrome

Cubital tunnel syndrome, also known as cubital tunnel and ulnar neuritis, is a condition that affects the ulnar nerve as it passes through the cubital tunnel, a narrow passage on the inner side of the elbow. This condition can cause discomfort, pain, and weakness in the hand and forearm. This article will explore ulnar neuritis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and strategies for managing this condition. 

Causes of cubital tunnel

Cubital tunnel can result from various factors, including: 

Compression: Prolonged or repeated pressure on the ulnar nerve at the elbow, often from leaning on or bending it repeatedly, can lead to irritation and inflammation. 

Anatomical variations: Some individuals have an anatomical predisposition that makes their ulnar nerve more susceptible to compression. 

Injury: Direct injury to the elbow or a history of fractures can increase the risk of ulnar neuritis. 

Medical Conditions: Certain conditions, such as arthritis, diabetes, or cysts near the elbow joint, can contribute to nerve compression. 

Symptoms of cubital tunnel

The symptoms of cubital tunnel can vary in severity and may include: 

Pain: Pain along the inner side of the elbow, often described as aching or burning. 

Numbness and tingling: Numbness and tingling in the ring and little fingers, typically on the side closest to the palm. 

Weakness: Weakening of the hand, particularly in grip strength and fine motor skills. 

Clumsiness: Difficulty with tasks that require precision, such as buttoning a shirt or picking up small objects. 

Diagnosis of cubital tunnel

Consult with an expert: An Accredited Hand Therapist is a physiotherapist or occupational therapist with expertise in the finger, hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder.

Diagnosing cubital tunnel usually involves the following steps: 

Medical history: Your healthcare provider will inquire about your symptoms, medical history, and any relevant activities or injuries. 

Physical examination: A physical examination of the elbow and hand to assess for pain, weakness, and loss of sensation. 

Nerve conduction studies: Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies may be performed to evaluate nerve function and locate the site of compression. 

Imaging: X-rays or imaging studies can help rule out other conditions and identify structural issues contributing to nerve compression. 

Treatment for cubital tunnel

The treatment approach for cubital tunnel depends on its severity and underlying causes: 

Conservative measures: 

Rest: Avoid activities that exacerbate symptoms and limit pressure on the affected elbow. 

Bracing: Using a brace or orthosis to keep the elbow in a neutral position and reduce nerve compression. 

Rehabilitation exercises: Engaging in exercises to strengthen the forearm and improve flexibility. 

Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers or anti-inflammatories to manage pain and reduce inflammation. 

Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the affected area can temporarily relieve inflammation and pain. 

Surgery:

Surgical intervention may be necessary in severe cases or when conservative measures fail. Surgical options may include ulnar nerve decompression or transposition, where the nerve is repositioned to reduce compression. 

Management and prevention of cubital tunnel

After treatment, managing and preventing the recurrence of cubital tunnel is crucial: 

Ergonomics: Avoid prolonged elbow flexion or pressure on the elbow. Use ergonomic tools and adjust your workspace to minimise strain. 

Protection: Wearing padded elbow sleeves or cushions when leaning on the elbow can reduce pressure. 

Strengthening exercises: Continue with exercises recommended by an Accredited Hand Therapist to maintain forearm strength and flexibility. 

Regular follow-ups: Attend follow-up appointments with an Accredited Hand Therapist to monitor progress and address any recurrent symptoms. 

Find a local Accredited Hand Therapist

Patients can find a local Accredited Hand Therapist on our website using the link below.

Find an Accredited Hand Therapist